DNA\u805a\u5408\u9176\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u7528\u4e8e\u590d\u5236DNA\u6a21\u677f\u7684\u9176\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8eDNA\u590d\u5236\u673a\u5236\u3002DNA\u805a\u5408\u9176\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u5c06\u5355\u4e2a\u7684\u8131\u6c27\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u5206\u5b50\u8fde\u63a5\u5f62\u6210DNA\u94fe\uff0c\u4f5c\u7528\u90e8\u4f4d\u662f3\u2018\uff0c5\u2019\u78f7\u9178\u4e8c\u916f\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n
dna\u805a\u5408\u9176\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/p>\n
DNA\u805a\u5408\u9176\u662fDNA\u590d\u5236\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u9176\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u50ac\u5316DNA\u5408\u6210\u548c\u4fee\u590dDNA\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
1.DNA\u805a\u5408\u9176\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5f62\u6210\u65b0\u7684DNA\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u5728DNA\u590d\u5236\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u8bb8\u591a\u5355\u4e2a\u7684\u8131\u6c27\u6838\u82f7\u9178\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u8131\u6c27\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u957f\u94fe\u3002<\/p>\n
2.DNA\u805a\u5408\u9176\u5728DNA\u590d\u5236\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ee5DNA\u4e3a\u590d\u5236\u7684\u6a21\u677f\uff0c\u5c06DNA\u7b2c5\u2018\u7aef\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u590d\u5236\u52303\u2019\u7aef\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u9176\u3002\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u590d\u5236\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ea0\u6b63\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u662f\u7ec6\u80de\u590d\u5236\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u9176\u3002\u5728\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u590d\u5236\u548c\u4fee\u590d\u4e2d\uff0c\u62c5\u4efb\u7740\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
3.DNA\u805a\u5408\u9176\u53ea\u5177\u67095\u2018\u21923\u2019\u805a\u5408\u9176\u7684\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u80fd\u6cbf\u77405\u2018\u21923\u2019\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u590d\u5236\u5408\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n
dna\u805a\u5408\u9176\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48<\/p>\n
DNA\u805a\u5408\u9176\uff0c\u53c8\u79f0DNA\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684DNA\u805a\u5408\u9176\uff08DNA\u2014dependent DNA polymerase\uff0cDNA pol\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4ee5\u4eb2\u4ee3DNA\u4e3a\u6a21\u677f\uff0c\u50ac\u5316\u5e95\u7269dNTP\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u5f62\u6210\u5b50\u4ee3DNA\u7684\u4e00\u7c7b\u9176\u3002\u6b64\u9176\u6700\u65e9\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6Arthur Komberg\u4e8e1957\u5e74\u5728\u5927\u80a0\u6746\u83cc\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3aDNA\u805a\u5408\u9176\u2160\uff08DNA polymerase \u2160\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0pol\u2160\uff09\u4ee5\u540e\u9646\u7eed\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u539f\u6838\u751f\u7269\u53ca\u771f\u6838\u751f\u7269\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u591a\u79cdDNA\u805a\u5408\u9176\u3002<\/p>\n
dna\u805a\u5408\u9176\u7279\u6027<\/p>\n
DNA\u805a\u5408\u9176\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u901a\u5e38DNA\u805a\u5408\u9176\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5171\u540c\u7279\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u2460\u9700\u8981DNA\u6a21\u677f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u7c7b\u9176\u53c8\u79f0\u4e3a\u4f9d\u8d56DNA\u7684DNA\u805a\u5408\u9176\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u2461\u9700\u8981RNA\u6216DNA\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f15\u7269\uff08primer\uff09\uff0c\u5373DNA\u805a\u5408\u9176\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ece\u5934\u50ac\u5316\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u2462\u50ac\u5316dNTP\u52a0\u5230\u5f15\u7269\u76843′-OH\u672b\u7aef\uff0c\u5176\u901f\u7387\u4e3a1000nt\/min\uff0c\u56e0\u800cDNA\u5408\u6210\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u662f5\u2018\u52303\u2019\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u2463\u4e09\u79cdDNA\u805a\u5408\u9176\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u9176\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5728DNA\u590d\u5236\u548c\u4fee\u590d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u9636\u6bb5\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
dna\u805a\u5408\u9176\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u771f\u6838\uff09<\/p>\n
\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\uff0cDNA\u805a\u5408\u9176\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4e5f\u6839\u636e\u62e5\u6709\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u8fdb\u884c\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u5373\u771f\u6838\u548c\u539f\u6838DNA\u805a\u5408\u9176\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u7684 DNA \u805a\u5408\u9176\u6839\u636e\u5176\u7279\u5f81\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u7ed3\u6784\u5e8f\u5217\u548c\u529f\u80fd\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u805a\u5408\u9176\u03b3<\/p>\n
\u805a\u5408\u9176\u03b3\u662f\u4e00\u79cdA\u578b\u805a\u5408\u9176\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u590d\u5236\u548c\u4fee\u590d\u7ebf\u7c92\u4f53DNA\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u901a\u8fc7\u6821\u5bf9 3′ \u5230 5′ \u6838\u9178\u5916\u5207\u9176\u6d3b\u6027\u6765\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u3002Poly \u03b3 \u4e0a\u7684\u7a81\u53d8\u4f1a\u663e\u7740\u5f71\u54cd\u7ebf\u7c92\u4f53 DNA\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5e38\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u7ebf\u7c92\u4f53\u75be\u75c5\u3002<\/p>\n
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\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f B \u578b\u805a\u5408\u9176\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u7528\u4e8e DNA \u590d\u5236\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u805a\u5408\u9176\u3002Pol \u03b1 \u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u5f15\u53d1\u9176\u7ed3\u5408\u800c\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u590d\u5236\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u3002Primase \u9176\u4ea7\u751f\u5e76\u653e\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u77ed RNA \u5f15\u7269\uff0c\u4f7f Pol \u03b1 \u5f00\u59cb\u590d\u5236\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002Pol \u03b4 \u4ece Pol \u03b1 \u5f00\u59cb\u5408\u6210\u6ede\u540e\u94fe\uff0c\u800c Pol \u03b5 \u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5728\u590d\u5236\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5408\u6210\u524d\u5bfc\u94fe\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e Pol \u03b4 \u590d\u5236\u4e86\u6ede\u540e\u94fe\u548c\u524d\u5bfc\u94fe\u3002Pol \u03b4 \u548c \u03b5 \u8fd8\u5177\u6709 3′ \u5230 5′ \u5916\u5207\u6838\u9178\u9176\u6d3b\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
\u805a\u5408\u9176 \u03b2\u3001\u805a\u5408\u9176 \u03bc \u548c\u805a\u5408\u9176 \u03bb<\/p>\n
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\u805a\u5408\u9176 \u03b7\u3001\u805a\u5408\u9176 \u03b9 \u548c\u805a\u5408\u9176 \u03ba<\/p>\n
\u5b83\u4eec\u662f 4 \u578b\u6216 Y \u65cf\u805a\u5408\u9176\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u79f0\u4e3a\u8de8\u635f\u4f24\u5408\u6210\u7684\u673a\u5236\u4fee\u590d DNA\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5728 DNA \u5408\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u9519\u3002Pol \u03b7 \u901a\u8fc7\u51c6\u786e\u786e\u4fdd\u7531\u7d2b\u5916\u7ebf\u8f90\u5c04\u5f15\u8d77\u7684 DNA \u635f\u4f24\u7684\u8de8\u635f\u4f24\u5408\u6210\u6765\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u3002Pol \u03ba \u4ecd\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5df2\u77e5\u529f\u80fd\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b DNA \u635f\u4f24\u5904\u6269\u5c55\u6216\u63d2\u5165\u7279\u5b9a\u78b1\u57fa\u3002\u8de8\u635f\u4f24\u5408\u6210\u805a\u5408\u9176\u88ab\u505c\u6ede\u7684\u590d\u5236 DNA \u805a\u5408\u9176\u6fc0\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u672b\u7aef\u8131\u6c27\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u8f6c\u79fb\u9176 \uff08TdT\uff09<\/p>\n
TdT \u901a\u8fc7\u50ac\u5316\u8131\u6c27\u6838\u82f7\u4e09\u78f7\u9178\u805a\u5408\u5230\u9884\u5148\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u591a\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u94fe\u7684 3′-\u7f9f\u57fa\u4e0a\u800c\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u3002TdT \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u6a21\u677f\u5bfc\u5411\u7684 DNA \u805a\u5408\u9176\u3002\u5b83\u9996\u5148\u5728\u80f8\u817a\u4e2d\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n
\u62d3\u5c55\uff1a\u9176\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/p>\n
1.\u6d17\u6da4\u5242\u5de5\u4e1a<\/p>\n
\u52a0\u9176\u6d17\u8863\u7c89\u2014\u2014\u78b1\u6027\u86cb\u767d\u9176\u7c7b\uff0c\u6613\u4e8e\u6d17\u53bb\u8863\u7269\u4e0a\u7684\u8840\u6e0d\u3001\u5976\u6e0d\u7b49\u6c61\u6e0d\u3002<\/p>\n
2.\u4e73\u5236\u54c1\u5de5\u4e1a<\/p>\n
\u51dd\u4e73\u9176\u2014\u2014\u5976\u916a\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u51dd\u7ed3\u5242\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5206\u89e3\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e73\u7cd6\u9176\u2014\u2014\u964d\u89e3\u4e73\u7cd6\u4e3a\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u548c\u534a\u4e73\u7cd6\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u6ca1\u6709\u4e73\u7cd6\u7684\u725b\u4e73\u5236\u54c1\uff0c\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u4e73\u54c1\u7684\u6d88\u5316\u5438\u6536\u3002<\/p>\n
3.\u7eba\u7ec7\u5de5\u4e1a<\/p>\n
\u6dc0\u7c89\u9176\u2014\u2014\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5730\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u7eba\u7ec7\u54c1\u7684\u892a\u6d46\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7ec6\u83cc\u6dc0\u7c89\u9176\u80fd\u5fcd\u53d7100\uff5e110\u2103\u7684\u9ad8\u6e29\u64cd\u4f5c\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7d20\u9176\u2014\u2014\u4ee3\u66ff\u6c99\u77f3\u6d17\u5de5\u827a\u5904\u7406\u5236\u4f5c\u725b\u4ed4\u670d\u7684\u68c9\u5e03\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u725b\u4ed4\u670d\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n
4.\u533b\u7597\u548c\u836f\u54c1\u5de5\u4e1a<\/p>\n
\u80f0\u86cb\u767d\u9176\u2014\u2014\u7528\u4e8e\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4f24\u53e3\u6108\u5408\u548c\u6eb6\u89e3\u8840\u51dd\u5757\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u53bb\u9664\u574f\u6b7b\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u6291\u5236\u6c61\u67d3\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7684\u7e41\u6b96\u3002<\/p>\n
5.\u917f\u9152\u5de5\u4e1a<\/p>\n
\u9ea6\u82bd\u4e2d\u7684\u6dc0\u7c89\u9176\u3001\u86cb\u767d\u9176\u3001\u8461\u805a\u7cd6\u9176\u2014\u2014\u5c06\u917f\u9152\u539f\u6599\u6dc0\u7c89\u548c\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u964d\u89e3\u6210\u80fd\u88ab\u9175\u6bcd\u5229\u7528\u7684\u5355\u7cd6\u3001\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u548c\u80bd\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e59\u9187\u7684\u4ea7\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
DNA\u805a\u5408\u9176\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u7528\u4e8e\u590d\u5236DNA\u6a21\u677f\u7684\u9176\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8eDNA\u590d\u5236\u673a\u5236\u3002DNA\u805a\u5408\u9176\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u5c06\u5355\u4e2a\u7684\u8131\u6c27\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u5206\u5b50\u8fde … \u9605\u8bfb\u66f4\u591a<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5114","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-shengwu"],"views":273,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.114158.com\/z\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5114","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.114158.com\/z\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.114158.com\/z\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.114158.com\/z\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.114158.com\/z\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5114"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.114158.com\/z\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5114\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5115,"href":"https:\/\/www.114158.com\/z\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5114\/revisions\/5115"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.114158.com\/z\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5114"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.114158.com\/z\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5114"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.114158.com\/z\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5114"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}