\u5143\u7d20\u5468\u671f\u8868\u7b2c8\u5468\u671f\u670950\u79cd\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7b2c\u516b\u80fd\u5c42\u6709s.p.d.f.g\u80fd\u7ea7\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dS\u80fd\u7ea7\u80fd\u5bb9\u7eb32\u7535\u5b50\uff0cp\u80fd\u7ea7\u80fd\u5bb9\u7eb3\u516d\u7535\u5b50\uff0cd\u80fd\u7ea7\u80fd\u5bb9\u7eb3\u5341\u7535\u5b50\uff08\u56db\u4e94\u5468\u671f\uff09\uff0cf\u80fd\u7ea7\u80fd\u5bb9\u7eb3\u5341\u56db\u4e2a\uff08\u516d\u4e03\u5468\u671f\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c\u516b\u5468\u671f\u5c06\u51fa\u73b0g\u80fd\u7ea7\uff0c\u4e5d\u8f68\u9053\u5341\u516b\u7535\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5143\u7d20\u5468\u671f\u8868\u7b2c8\u5468\u671f\u7684\u6982\u5ff5<\/p>\n
\u7b2c8\u5468\u671f\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u6392\u5217\u5728\u5143\u7d20\u5468\u671f\u8868\u7b2c\u516b\u884c\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5143\u7d20\u5468\u671f\u5f8b\u7684\u63a8\u6d4b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5468\u671f\u5e94\u8be5\u670950\u79cd\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u7b2c\u516b\u80fd\u5c42\u6709s.p.d.f.g\u80fd\u7ea7\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dS\u80fd\u7ea7\u4e00\u8f68\u9053\uff0c\u80fd\u5bb9\u7eb32\u7535\u5b50\uff0cp\u80fd\u7ea7\u4e09\u8f68\u9053\uff0c\u80fd\u5bb9\u7eb3\u516d\u7535\u5b50\uff08\u7b2c\u4e00\u5468\u671f\u53ea\u6709s\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e09\u5468\u671fs.p\uff09\uff0cd\u80fd\u7ea7\u4e94\u8f68\u9053\uff0c\u80fd\u5bb9\u7eb3\u5341\u7535\u5b50\uff08\u56db\u4e94\u5468\u671f\uff09\uff0cf\u80fd\u7ea7\u4e03\u8f68\u9053\uff0c\u80fd\u5bb9\u7eb3\u5341\u56db\u4e2a\uff08\u516d\u4e03\u5468\u671f\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u516b\u5468\u671f\u5c06\u51fa\u73b0g\u80fd\u7ea7\uff0c\u4e5d\u8f68\u9053\u5341\u516b\u7535\u5b50\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u5bb9\u7eb350\u79cd\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8be5\u5468\u671f\u6700\u540e\u662f168\u53f7\u3002\u4ece119\u53f7\u5230168\u53f7\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d121\u5230138\u53f7\u662fg\u533a\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5143\u7d20119\u53f7\u81f3124\u53f7\uff0c\u90fd\u5c1a\u672a\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u7136\u800cIUPAC\u5143\u7d20\u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u540d\u6cd5\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed9\u5b83\u4eec\u547d\u4e86\u4e34\u65f6\u540d\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6269\u5c55\u5143\u7d20\u5468\u671f\u8868\u7406\u8bba\u8d85\u8d8a\u5143118\u8981\u7d20\uff08\u8d85\u8fc77\u671f\uff0c\u6216\u884c7\uff09\u3002\u5728\u5316\u5b66\u5143\u7d20\u5468\u671f\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u4e03\u4e2a\u5468\u671f\u662f\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u548c\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u4e0e\u539f\u5b50\u5e8f\u6570118\u3002<\/p>\n
\u516b\u5468\u671f\u8868\u662f\u7531Glenn T. Seaborg\u57281969\u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u3002 IUPAC\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u79cd\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5176\u5bff\u547d\u8d85\u8fc710\u5e74\uff0c\u5b58\u572814\u79d2\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5b83\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7535\u5b50\u4e91\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u6ca1\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5408\u6210\u6216\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u8be5\u7b2c\u4e00\u5143\u7d20\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u539f\u5b50\u5e8f\u6570121\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u540d\u79f0121\u53f7\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u653e\u5c04\u6027\u8870\u53d8\uff0c\u5e76\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u77ed\u7684\u534a\u8870\u671f\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5143\u7d20126\u88ab\u5047\u8bbe\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c9b\u5c7f\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u662f\u8010\u88c2\u53d8\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u03b1\u8870\u53d8\u3002\u8fd8\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u8d85\u51fa\u9884\u671f\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u5c9b\u5c7f\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f8\u671f\u662f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e00\u65f69\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n
Richard Feynman\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u72c4\u62c9\u514b\u65b9\u7a0b\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u662f\u4e0e\u7535\u5b50\u8f68\u9053\u5728z > 1 \/ 137\u03b1\u2248\u4e0b\u9762\u4e00\u8282\u4e2d\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u4e2d\u6027\u539f\u5b50\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u8d85\u8d8auntriseptium\uff0c\u548c\u5143\u7d20\u5468\u671f\u8868\u57fa\u4e8e\u7535\u5b50\u8f68\u9053\u56e0\u6b64\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u5206\u6790\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u6781\u9650\u662fZ\u2248173\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b83\u662f\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u591a\u8fdc\u7684\u5468\u671f\u8868\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u8d85\u51fa\u5df2\u77e5\u7684118\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u683c\u4f26T.\u897f\u535a\u683c\u5efa\u8bae\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u5143\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728z = 130\uff0c\u800cWalter Greiner\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5047\u8bbe\u7684\u672a\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u547d\u540d\u7531\u56fd\u9645\u7eaf\u7cb9\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u5316\u5b66\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\uff08IUPAC\uff09\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u540d\u79f0\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u7528\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u76f4\u5230\u5143\u7d20\u5df2\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\uff0c\u5e76\u6b63\u5f0f\u6279\u51c6\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u540d\u5b57\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u5728\u6587\u732e\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u88ab\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c164\u53f7\u5143\u7d20\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201cunhexquadium\u201d\uff08IUPAC\u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u540d\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u201c164\u5143\u201d\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u201c164\u201d\u3001\u201c\uff08164\uff09\u201d\uff0c\u6216\u201cE164\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5143\u7d20\u5468\u671f\u8868\u7684\u89c4\u5f8b<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u539f\u5b50\u534a\u5f84\u7684\u89c4\u5f8b<\/p>\n
\uff081\uff09\u9664\u4e86\u7b2c1\u5468\u671f\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5468\u671f\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u60f0\u6027\u6c14\u4f53\u5143\u7d20\u9664\u5916\uff09\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u534a\u5f84\u968f\u539f\u5b50\u5e8f\u6570\u7684\u9012\u589e\u800c\u51cf\u5c0f\uff1b<\/p>\n
\uff082\uff09\u540c\u4e00\u65cf\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4ece\u4e0a\u5230\u4e0b\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u7535\u5b50\u5c42\u6570\u589e\u591a\uff0c\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u534a\u5f84\u4e5f\u4f1a\u968f\u4e4b\u589e\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u5143\u7d20\u5316\u5408\u4ef7\u7684\u89c4\u5f8b<\/p>\n
\uff081\uff09\u9664\u7b2c1\u5468\u671f\u5916\uff0c\u540c\u5468\u671f\u4ece\u5de6\u5230\u53f3\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u6700\u9ad8\u6b63\u4ef7\u7531\u78b1\u91d1\u5c5e+1\u9012\u589e\u5230+7\uff0c\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u5143\u7d20\u8d1f\u4ef7\u7531\u78b3\u65cf-4\u9012\u589e\u5230-1\uff08\u6c1f\u65e0\u6b63\u4ef7\uff0c\u6c27\u65e0+6\u4ef7\uff0c\u9664\u5916\uff09\uff1b<\/p>\n
\uff082\uff09\u540c\u4e00\u4e3b\u65cf\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u6b63\u4ef7\u3001\u8d1f\u4ef7\u5747\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u5355\u8d28\u7684\u7194\u70b9\u89c4\u5f8b<\/p>\n
\uff081\uff09\u540c\u4e00\u5468\u671f\u5143\u7d20\u968f\u539f\u5b50\u5e8f\u6570\u7684\u9012\u589e\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u5355\u8d28\u7684\u7194\u70b9\u9012\u589e\uff0c\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u5355\u8d28\u7684\u7194\u70b9\u9012\u51cf\uff1b<\/p>\n
\uff082\uff09\u540c\u4e00\u65cf\u5143\u7d20\u4ece\u4e0a\u5230\u4e0b\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u5355\u8d28\u7684\u7194\u70b9\u9012\u51cf\uff0c\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u5355\u8d28\u7684\u7194\u70b9\u9012\u589e\u3002<\/p>\n
4\u3001\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u6027\u4e0e\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u6027\u89c4\u5f8b<\/p>\n
\uff081\uff09\u540c\u4e00\u5468\u671f\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4ece\u5de6\u5230\u53f3\u91d1\u5c5e\u6027\u9012\u51cf\uff0c\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u6027\u9012\u589e\uff1b<\/p>\n
\uff082\uff09\u540c\u4e00\u4e3b\u65cf\u5143\u7d20\u4ece\u4e0a\u5230\u4e0b\u91d1\u5c5e\u6027\u9012\u589e\uff0c\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u6027\u9012\u51cf\u3002<\/p>\n
5\u3001\u6700\u9ad8\u4ef7\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u548c\u6c34\u5316\u7269\u7684\u9178\u78b1\u6027\u89c4\u5f8b<\/p>\n
\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u6027\u8d8a\u5f3a\uff0c\u5176\u6700\u9ad8\u4ef7\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u7684\u6c34\u5316\u7269\u7684\u78b1\u6027\u8d8a\u5f3a\uff1b\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u6027\u8d8a\u5f3a\uff0c\u6700\u9ad8\u4ef7\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u7684\u6c34\u5316\u7269\u7684\u9178\u6027\u8d8a\u5f3a\u3002<\/p>\n
6\u3001\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c14\u6001\u6c22\u5316\u7269\u89c4\u5f8b<\/p>\n
\u5143\u7d20\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u6027\u8d8a\u5f3a\uff0c\u6c14\u6001\u6c22\u5316\u7269\u8d8a\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002\u540c\u5468\u671f\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u6027\u8d8a\u5f3a\uff0c\u5176\u6c14\u6001\u6c22\u5316\u7269\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e00\u822c\u9178\u6027\u8d8a\u5f3a\uff1b\u540c\u4e3b\u65cf\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u6027\u8d8a\u5f3a\uff0c\u5176\u6c14\u6001\u6c22\u5316\u7269\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u9178\u6027\u8d8a\u5f31\u3002<\/p>\n
7\u3001\u5355\u8d28\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u6027\u3001\u8fd8\u539f\u6027\u89c4\u5f8b<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u822c\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u6027\u8d8a\u5f3a\uff0c\u5176\u5355\u8d28\u7684\u8fd8\u539f\u6027\u8d8a\u5f3a\uff0c\u5176\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u7684\u6c27\u79bb\u5b50\u6c27\u5316\u6027\u8d8a\u5f31\uff1b\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u6027\u8d8a\u5f3a\uff0c\u5176\u5355\u8d28\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u6027\u8d8a\u5f3a\uff0c\u5176\u7b80\u5355\u9634\u79bb\u5b50\u7684\u8fd8\u539f\u6027\u8d8a\u5f31\u3002<\/p>\n
8\u3001\u70ed\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u89c4\u5f8b<\/p>\n
\u540c\u4e00\u5468\u671f\u81ea\u5de6\u5411\u53f3\u4f9d\u6b21\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u65cf\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u4e0e\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u5143\u7d20\u7535\u8d1f\u6027\u53d8\u5316\u89c4\u5f8b\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5143\u7d20\u5468\u671f\u8868\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48<\/p>\n
\u5316\u5b66\u5143\u7d20\u5468\u671f\u8868\u662f\u6839\u636e\u5143\u7d20\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u7535\u8377\u6570\uff0c\u4ece\u5c0f\u81f3\u5927\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u5143\u7d20\u5217\u8868\u3002\u5217\u8868\u5927\u4f53\u5448\u957f\u65b9\u5f62\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\u5468\u671f\u4e2d\u7559\u6709\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7279\u6027\u76f8\u8fd1\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5f52\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u65cf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u78b1\u91d1\u5c5e\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u78b1\u571f\u91d1\u5c5e\u3001\u5364\u65cf\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u7a00\u6709\u6c14\u4f53\uff0c\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\uff0c\u8fc7\u6e21\u5143\u7d20\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5468\u671f\u8868\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u533a\u4e14\u5206\u6709\u4e03\u4e3b\u65cf\u3001\u4e03\u526f\u65cf\u3001\u2167\u65cf\u300118\u65cf\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7531\u4e8e\u5468\u671f\u8868\u80fd\u591f\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u9884\u6d4b\u5404\u79cd\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7279\u6027\u53ca\u5176\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u5728\u5316\u5b66\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u79d1\u5b66\u8303\u7574\u4e2d\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5206\u6790\u5316\u5b66\u884c\u4e3a\u65f6\u5341\u5206\u6709\u7528\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4fc4\u56fd\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6\u5fb7\u7c73\u7279\u91cc\u00b7\u4f0a\u4e07\u8bfa\u7ef4\u5947\u00b7\u95e8\u6377\u5217\u592b\u4e8e1869\u5e74\u603b\u7ed3\u53d1\u8868\u6b64\u5468\u671f\u8868\uff08\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u5143\u7d20\u5468\u671f\u8868\uff09\uff0c\u6b64\u540e\u4e0d\u65ad\u6709\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\u5404\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u5468\u671f\u8868\u4e0d\u4e0b170\u4f59\u79cd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f52\u7eb3\u8d77\u6765\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\uff1a\u77ed\u5f0f\u8868\uff08\u4ee5\u95e8\u6377\u5217\u592b\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\uff09\u3001\u957f\u5f0f\u8868\uff08\u4ee5\u7ef4\u5c14\u7eb3\u5f0f\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\uff09\u3001\u7279\u957f\u8868\uff08\u4ee5\u6ce2\u5c14\u5854\u5f0f\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\uff09\uff1b\u5e73\u9762\u87ba\u7ebf\u8868\u548c\u5706\u5f62\u8868\uff08\u4ee5\u8fbe\u59c6\u5f00\u592b\u5f0f\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\uff09\uff1b\u7acb\u4f53\u5468\u671f\u8868\uff08\u4ee5\u83b1\u897f\u7684\u5706\u9525\u67f1\u7acb\u4f53\u8868\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\uff09\u7b49\u4f17\u591a\u7c7b\u578b\u8868\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u6559\u5b66\u4e0a\u957f\u671f\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u957f\u5f0f\u5468\u671f\u8868\uff0c\u5373\u7ef4\u5c14\u7eb3\u5f0f\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u5143\u7d20\u5468\u671f\u8868\u7b2c8\u5468\u671f\u670950\u79cd\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7b2c\u516b\u80fd\u5c42\u6709s.p.d.f.g\u80fd\u7ea7\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dS\u80fd\u7ea7\u80fd\u5bb9\u7eb32\u7535\u5b50\uff0cp\u80fd\u7ea7\u80fd\u5bb9\u7eb3\u516d\u7535 … \u9605\u8bfb\u66f4\u591a<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31254","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-huasheng"],"views":612,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.114158.com\/z\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31254","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.114158.com\/z\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.114158.com\/z\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.114158.com\/z\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.114158.com\/z\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31254"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.114158.com\/z\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31254\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":31261,"href":"https:\/\/www.114158.com\/z\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31254\/revisions\/31261"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.114158.com\/z\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31254"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.114158.com\/z\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31254"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.114158.com\/z\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31254"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}