\u5728\u4e2d\u5b66\u7684\u8bfe\u672c\u4e0a\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u4e00\u9996\u5f88\u7f8e\u5f88\u7f8e\u7684\u8bd7\uff0c\u8fd9\u9996\u8bd7\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u53eb\u505a\u300a\u96e8\u5df7\u300b\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u6234\u671b\u8212\u56e0\u4e00\u9996\u300a\u96e8\u5df7\u300b\u706b\u904d\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u827a\u754c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6234\u671b\u8212\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u96e8\u5df7\u8bd7\u4eba\u201d\u7684\u79f0\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n
\u96e8\u5df7\u662f\u4e00\u9996\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bd7<\/p>\n
\u300a\u96e8\u5df7\u300b\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bd7\u4eba\u6234\u671b\u82121927\u5e74\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u4e00\u9996\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bd7\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u662f\u6211\u56fd\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bd7\u4eba\u6234\u671b\u8212\uff0c\u8bd7\u6587\u4ee5\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u79f0\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u5c55\u5f00\uff0c\u63cf\u5199\u4e86\u4e3b\u4eba\u516c\u5728\u4e0b\u7740\u96e8\u7684\u5c0f\u5df7\u4e2d\u72ec\u81ea\u5f77\u5fa8\u7684\u6240\u89c1\u6240\u60f3\u6240\u611f\uff0c\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u4f5c\u8005\u5fe7\u90c1\u3001\u60c6\u6005\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u3002\u300a\u96e8\u5df7\u300b\u5168\u8bd7\u7684\u8bcd\u53e5\u6e29\u5a49\u6e05\u4e3d\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u5e7b\u60f3\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u50cf\u4e01\u9999\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u59d1\u5a18\uff0c\u8868\u8fbe\u4f5c\u8005\u5185\u5fc3\u5bf9\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n
\u300a\u96e8\u5df7\u300b\u539f\u6587<\/p>\n
\u6491\u7740\u6cb9\u7eb8\u4f1e\uff0c\u72ec\u81ea<\/p>\n
\u5f77\u5fa8\u5728\u60a0\u957f\uff0c\u60a0\u957f<\/p>\n
\u53c8\u5bc2\u5be5\u7684\u96e8\u5df7\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u9022\u7740<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e01\u9999\u4e00\u6837\u5730<\/p>\n
\u7ed3\u7740\u6101\u6028\u7684\u59d1\u5a18\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5979\u662f\u6709<\/p>\n
\u4e01\u9999\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u989c\u8272\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u4e01\u9999\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u82ac\u82b3\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u4e01\u9999\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u5fe7\u6101\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u5728\u96e8\u4e2d\u54c0\u6028\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u54c0\u6028\u53c8\u5f77\u5fa8\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u5979\u5f77\u5fa8\u5728\u8fd9\u5bc2\u5be5\u7684\u96e8\u5df7\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u6491\u7740\u6cb9\u7eb8\u4f1e<\/p>\n
\u50cf\u6211\u4e00\u6837\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u50cf\u6211\u4e00\u6837\u5730<\/p>\n
\u9ed8\u9ed8\u5f73\u4e8d\u7740\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u51b7\u6f20\uff0c\u51c4\u6e05\uff0c\u53c8\u60c6\u6005\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5979\u9759\u9ed8\u5730\u8d70\u8fd1<\/p>\n
\u8d70\u8fd1\uff0c\u53c8\u6295\u51fa<\/p>\n
\u592a\u606f\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u773c\u5149\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u5979\u98d8\u8fc7<\/p>\n
\u50cf\u68a6\u4e00\u822c\u7684\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u50cf\u68a6\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u51c4\u5a49\u8ff7\u832b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u50cf\u68a6\u4e2d\u98d8\u8fc7<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u679d\u4e01\u9999\u7684\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u6211\u8eab\u65c1\u98d8\u8fc7\u8fd9\u5973\u90ce\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u5979\u9759\u9ed8\u5730\u8fdc\u4e86\uff0c\u8fdc\u4e86\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u5230\u4e86\u9893\u572e\u7684\u7bf1\u5899\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u8d70\u5c3d\u8fd9\u96e8\u5df7\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u96e8\u7684\u54c0\u66f2\u91cc\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u6d88\u4e86\u5979\u7684\u989c\u8272\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u6563\u4e86\u5979\u7684\u82ac\u82b3<\/p>\n
\u6d88\u6563\u4e86\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5979\u7684<\/p>\n
\u592a\u606f\u822c\u7684\u773c\u5149\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u4e01\u9999\u822c\u7684\u60c6\u6005\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6491\u7740\u6cb9\u7eb8\u4f1e\uff0c\u72ec\u81ea<\/p>\n
\u5f77\u5fa8\u5728\u60a0\u957f\uff0c\u60a0\u957f<\/p>\n
\u53c8\u5bc2\u5be5\u7684\u96e8\u5df7\uff0c<\/p>\n
\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u98d8\u8fc7<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e01\u9999\u4e00\u6837\u7684<\/p>\n
\u7ed3\u7740\u6101\u6028\u7684\u59d1\u5a18\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8d4f\u6790<\/p>\n
\u8bd7\u4e2d\u7684\u666f\u7269\u662f\u60a0\u957f\u5bc2\u5be5\u3001\u7ec6\u96e8\u8499\u8499\u7684\u96e8\u5df7\u548c\u9893\u572e\u7684\u7bf1\u5899\uff0c\u6e32\u67d3\u4e86\u54c0\u6028\u51c4\u51c9\u7684\u6c1b\u56f4\uff0c\u4f7f\u8bd7\u6b4c\u8499\u4e0a\u6d53\u6d53\u7684\u6101\u7eea\u3002\u8bd7\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u662f\u72ec\u81ea\u5f77\u5fa8\u3001\u7b49\u5f85\u8ffd\u5bfb\u7684\u201c\u6211\u201d\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e01\u9999\u59d1\u5a18\uff0c\u5979\u50cf\u4e01\u9999\u4e00\u6837\u7f8e\u4e3d\u5374\u54c0\u6028\u5f77\u5fa8\u3001\u51b7\u6f20\u51c4\u6e05\u60c6\u6005\u3001\u6709\u7740\u592a\u606f\uff08\u53f9\u606f\uff09\u822c\u7684\u773c\u5149\u3001\u9759\u9ed8\u5730\u8d70\u8fd1\u53c8\u50cf\u68a6\u4e00\u822c\u5730\u6d88\u6563\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8bd7\u4e2d\u72ed\u7a84\u9634\u6c89\u7684\u96e8\u5df7\uff0c\u5728\u96e8\u5df7\u4e2d\u5f98\u5f8a\u7684\u72ec\u884c\u8005\u201c\u6211\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e01\u9999\u59d1\u5a18\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u8c61\u5f81\u6027\u7684\u610f\u5883\uff0c\u542b\u84c4\u5730\u6697\u793a\u51fa\u4f5c\u8005\u65e2\u8ff7\u60d8\u611f\u4f24\u53c8\u6709\u671f\u5f85\u7684\u60c5\u6000\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed9\u4eba\u4e00\u79cd\u6726\u80e7\u800c\u53c8\u5e7d\u6df1\u7684\u7f8e\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e01\u9999\u59d1\u5a18\u7f8e\u4e3d\u9ad8\u6d01\u3001\u6101\u6028\u3001\u98d8\u5ffd\u800c\u8fc7\uff0c\u7ed9\u4eba\u7f8e\u597d\u5374\u53ef\u671b\u4e0d\u53ef\u5373\u3001\u96be\u4ee5\u63a5\u8fd1\u89e6\u6478\u7684\u611f\u89c9\uff0c\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u8ffd\u5bfb\u7684\u7f8e\u597d\u5374\u98d8\u5ffd\u3001\u65e0\u4ece\u628a\u63e1\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u7406\u60f3\uff1b\u4e01\u9999\u59d1\u5a18\u8d70\u5c3d\u8fd9\u96e8\u5df7\uff0c\u5728\u96e8\u7684\u54c0\u66f2\u91cc\uff0c\u6d88\u4e86\u989c\u8272\uff0c\u6563\u4e86\u82ac\u82b3\uff0c\u6d88\u6563\u4e86\u5979\u7684\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u5c31\u5982\u7f8e\u597d\u4e8b\u7269\u3001\u7f8e\u597d\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u5e7b\u706d\uff0c\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u662f\u8bd7\u4eba\u8ffd\u6c42\u7f8e\u597d\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd9\u7406\u60f3\u8ff7\u832b\u60c6\u6005\u65e0\u6cd5\u628a\u63e1\u7684\u5fe7\u4f24\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u9996\u8bd7\u7684\u7279\u70b9<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u7ef5\uff1a\u7f13\u6162\u7684\u72b9\u5982\u6162\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u7ef5\u7ef5\u7684\u60c5\u610f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u53cd\u590d\u9524\u6253\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u7528\u8bcd\u3001\u7528\u8bed\u3001\u7528\u5883\uff1b<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u7a33\uff1a\u6c14\u606f\u5e73\u7f13\uff0c\u53c8\u8ba9\u4eba\u6df1\u6df1\u53f9\u606f\uff1b<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u6de1\uff1a\u4e01\u9999\u662f\u6de1\u7d2b\u8272\uff0c\u6709\u9999\u6c14\uff0c\u90a3\u79cd\u6de1\u6de1\u7684\u6292\u60c5\uff0c\u5982\u5fae\u98ce\u62c2\u9762\uff1b<\/p>\n
4\u3001\u97f5\uff1a\u8fd9\u9996\u8bd7\u7684\u6536\u97f5\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u9605\u8bfb\u8d77\u6765\u6717\u6717\u4e0a\u53e3\uff0c\u4eff\u4f5b\u662f\u5f26\u5f8b\u6709\u97f5\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u4ed6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u9996\u6d6a\u6f2b\u66f2\uff0c\u541f\u5531\uff1b<\/p>\n
5\u3001\u4f24\uff1a\u5fe7\u90c1\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u9996\u7684\u4e3b\u8c03\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u7231\u60c5\u8bd7\u662f\u8bd7\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7d20\u6750\uff0c\u4f46\u771f\u6b63\u6253\u52a8\u522b\u4eba\u7684\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u5fe7\u90c1\u7684\u60c5\u8282\uff0c\u9082\u9005\uff0c\u5f73\u4e8d\uff0c\u60c6\u6005\u7b49\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u8bd7\u4eba\u628a\u60c5\u7eea\u5f15\u7528\u5230\u4e86\u6781\u70b9\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u7528\u4e0d\u5230\u8bfb\u8005\u53bb\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u7684\uff0c\u4e13\u6ce8\u800c\u53c8\u8ff7\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u8005\u7b80\u4ecb<\/p>\n
\u6234\u671b\u8212\uff081905~1950\uff09\uff0c\u540d\u627f\uff0c\u5b57\u671d\u5b89\uff0c\u5c0f\u540d\u6d77\u5c71\u3002\u6d59\u6c5f\u676d\u5dde\u4eba\uff0c\u540e\u66fe\u7528\u7b14\u540d\u68a6\u9e25\u3001\u68a6\u9e25\u751f\u3001\u4fe1\u82b3\u3001\u6c5f\u601d\u7b49\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u4ee3\u6d3e\u4ee3\u8868\u8bd7\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u56e0\u8bd7\u4f5c\u300a\u96e8\u5df7\u300b\u4e00\u5ea6\u88ab\u4eba\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u96e8\u5df7\u8bd7\u4eba\u201d\u3002\u8457\u6709\u8bd7\u96c6\u300a\u6211\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u300b\u3001\u300a\u671b\u8212\u8349\u300b\u3001\u300a\u671b\u8212\u8bd7\u7a3f\u300b\u3001\u300a\u707e\u96be\u7684\u5c81\u6708\u300b\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4eba\u7269\u7ecf\u5386<\/p>\n
1913\u5e74\uff0c\u5165\u676d\u5dde\u9e7e\u6b66\u5c0f\u5b66\u8bfb\u4e66\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u62e5\u6709\u79c1\u4eba\u9605\u8bfb\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u9605\u8bfb\u53e4\u5178\u8bf4\u90e8\u548c\u300a\u6c34\u6676\u978b\u300b\u3001\u300a\u6728\u9a6c\u5175\u300b\u7b49\u5916\u56fd\u7ae5\u8bdd\u3002<\/p>\n
1919\u5e74\uff0c\u8003\u5165\u5b97\u6587\u4e2d\u5b66\u3002<\/p>\n
1922 \u5e748\u6708\uff0c\u9996\u6b21\u516c\u5f00\u53d1\u8868\u6587\u5b66\u4f5c\u54c1\u5c0f\u8bf4\u300a\u503a\u300b\uff0c\u8f7d\u300a\u534a\u6708\u300b\u7b2c1 \u5377\u7b2c23\u671f\u30029\u6708\uff0c\u4e0e\u5f20\u5929\u7ffc\u3001\u65bd\u86f0\u5b58\u3001\u53f6\u79cb\u6e90\uff0c\u674e\u4f0a\u51c9\u53ca\u9a6c\u5929\u9a9a\u7b49\u5728\u676d\u5dde\u6210\u7acb\u5170\u793e\u3002<\/p>\n
1923\u5e74\u79cb\u5929\uff0c\u8003\u5165\u4e0a\u6d77\u5927\u5b66\u6587\u5b66\u7cfb\u3002\u5e08\u4ece\u7530\u6c49\uff0c\u5728\u6821\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u5916\u6587\u5b66\u548c\u9769\u547d\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u53c2\u52a0\u5b9e\u9645\u6597\u4e89\u3002<\/p>\n
1925\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u5927\u5b66\u88ab\u5c01\u3002\u79cb\uff0c\u8f6c\u5165\u9707\u65e6\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u4e60\u6cd5\u8bed\u3002<\/p>\n
1926\u5e74\u4e0e\u65bd\u86f0\u5b58\u3001\u675c\u8861\u7b49\u4eba\u521b\u529e\u300a\u748e\u73de\u300b\u65ec\u520a\uff0c\u53d1\u8868\u8bd7\u4f5c\u300a\u51dd\u6cea\u51fa\u95e8\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n
1927\u5e74\u5199\u7684\u300a\u96e8\u5df7\u300b\u30021928\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u65bd\u86f0\u5b58\u3001\u675c\u8861\u3001\u51af\u96ea\u5cf0\u521b\u529e\u300a\u6587\u5b66\u5de5\u573a\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53d1\u8868\u4e8e\u300a\u5c0f\u8bf4\u6708\u62a5\u300b1928\u5e748\u6708\u53f7\u4e0a\u7684\u300a\u96e8\u5df7\u300b<\/p>\n
1929\u5e744\u6708\uff0c\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u672c\u8bd7\u96c6\u300a\u6211\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n
1932\u5e74\uff0c\u4efb\u300a\u73b0\u4ee3\u300b\u7f16\u8f91\u300211\u6708\u521d\uff0c\u8d74\u6cd5\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\uff0c\u5148\u540e\u5165\u8bfb\u5df4\u9ece\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u91cc\u6602\u4e2d\u6cd5\u5927\u5b66\u3002<\/p>\n
1936\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u4e0e\u7a46\u65f6\u82f1\u7684\u59b9\u59b9\u7a46\u4e3d\u5a1f\u7ed3\u5a5a\u3002<\/p>\n
1941\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u56e0\u5ba3\u4f20\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u88ab\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u902e\u6355\u5165\u72f1\u3002<\/p>\n
1943\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u7ed9\u7a46\u4e3d\u5a1f\u5bc4\u201c\u79bb\u5a5a\u5951\u7ea6\u201d \u30025\u670830\u65e5\uff0c\u4e0e\u6768\u9759\uff08 \u4e3d\u840d\uff09 \u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u7ed3\u5a5a\u3002<\/p>\n
1946\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u5168\u5bb6\u8d74\u4e0a\u6d77\u30028\u6708\uff0c\u7ecf\u5468\u7166\u826f\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u4efb\u66a8\u5357\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u6559\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n
1949\u5e742\u6708\uff0c\u4e0e\u6768\u9759\u79bb\u5a5a\u30023\u6708\uff0c\u79bb\u6e2f\u62b5\u5317\u5e73\u30026\u6708\uff0c\u53c2\u52a0\u5728\u5317\u5e73\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u4e2d\u534e\u6587\u5b66\u827a\u672f\u5de5\u4f5c\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\u3002\u540e\u62c5\u4efb\u65b0\u95fb\u51fa\u7248\u603b\u7f72\u56fd\u9645\u65b0\u95fb\u5c40\u6cd5\u6587\u79d1\u79d1\u957f\uff0c\u4ece\u4e8b\u7f16\u8bd1\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
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